Refracted visions popular photography and national modernity in java karen strassler series objects strassler argues that popular photographic practices such as these have played a crucial role in the making of modern national subjects in postcolonial java contending that photographic genres cultivate distinctive ways of seeing and . In refracted visions karen strassler argues that popular photographic practices such as these have played a crucial role in the making of modern national subjects in postcolonial java contending that photographic genres cultivate distinctive ways of seeing and positioning oneself and others within the affective ideological and temporal location of indonesia she examines genres ranging from state identification photos to pictures documenting family rituals. Refracted visions popular photography and national modernity in java refracted visions is a substantial and well researched study of contemporary popular photography in indonesia a result of anthropologist karen strasslers extensive fieldwork in java since the mid 1990s which covers a period when analog photography was still dominant. In refracted visions karen strassler argues that popular photographic practices such as these have played a crucial role in the making of modern national subjects in postcolonial java contending that photographic genres cultivate distinctive ways of seeing and positioning oneself and others within the affective ideological and temporal . In refracted visions karen strassler argues that popular photographic practices such as these have played a crucial role in the making of modern national subjects in postcolonial java contending that photographic genres cultivate distinctive ways of seeing and positioning oneself and others within the affective ideological and temporal location of indonesia she examines genres ranging from state identification photos to pictures documenting family rituals